How many times does the gov. tax a 1099 R distribution? I already pd 20% all together + income tax?

I had a traditional IRA transferred by a bank I used to work for. They never knew I had this money sitting there. Could someone explain why the feds a

I had a traditional IRA transferred by a bank I used to work for. They never knew I had this money sitting there. Could someone explain why the feds are tax me 20%, plus considering the income as taxable income when I clearly paid the 10% tax as a withholding from the gross amount. Thank you !

or:I had a traditional IRA transferred by a bank I used to work for. They never knew I had this money sitting there. Could someone explain why the feds are tax me 20%, plus considering the income as taxable income when I clearly paid the 10% tax as a withholding from the gross amount. Thank you !

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