"I love GitHub - loft-sh/kiosk: kiosk ? Multi-Tenancy Extension For Kubernetes - Secure Cluster Sharing & Self-Service Namespace Provisioning"

2022-05-09 08:25:55

Skip to content Signup Product Features Mobile Actions Codespaces Packages Security Code review Issues Integrations GitHub Sponsors Customer stories Team Enterprise Explore Explore GitHub Learn and contribute Topics Collections Trending Learning Lab Open source guides Connect with others The ReadME Project Events Community forum GitHub Education GitHub Stars program Marketplace Pricing Plans Compare plans Contact Sales Education Sign in Sign up {{ message }} loft-sh / kiosk Public Notifications Fork 55 Star 789 kiosk ? Multi-Tenancy Extension For Kubernetes - Secure Cluster Sharing & Self-Service Namespace Provisioning kubernetes.slack.com/?redir=%2fmessages%2fkiosk#/ License Apache-2.0 license 789 stars 55 forks Star Notifications Code Issues 19 Pull requests 2 Discussions Actions Projects 0 Wiki Security Insights More Code Issues Pull requests Discussions Actions Projects Wiki Security Insights This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. master Switch branches/tags Branches Tags Could not load branches Nothing to show {{ refName }} default View all branches Could not load tags Nothing to show {{ refName }} default View all tags 4 branches 57 tags Code Latest commit FabianKramm Merge pull request #145 from czhujer/pm-bump-apimachinery-and-dockerf… … 0a94288 Feb 23, 2022 Merge pull request #145 from czhujer/pm-bump-apimachinery-and-dockerf… …ile-versionschore: update some k8s deps to v1.22.6 (bump apimachinery and versions in dockerfile) 0a94288 Git stats 256 commits Files Permalink Failed to load latest commit information. Type Name Latest commit message Commit time .github/workflows bump golang version for testing Feb 23, 2022 .idea refactor: performance improvements & watch fix Nov 23, 2021 .vscode Initial commit Feb 4, 2020 chart add params for ServiceMonitor Feb 16, 2022 cmd/kiosk feat: add watch support for spaces & accounts Jun 16, 2021 docs/website/static/img improve README Feb 11, 2020 examples chore: update examples Apr 19, 2021 gen/cmd/apis chore: update k8s deps to v1.21.1 Jun 8, 2021 hack chore: update k8s deps to v1.21.1 Jun 8, 2021 kube refactor: performance improvements & watch fix Nov 23, 2021 pkg refactor: performance improvements & watch fix Nov 23, 2021 vendor bump apimachinery and versions in dockerfile Feb 16, 2022 .dockerignore chore: update kubernetes dependencies to v1.19.3 Dec 17, 2020 .gitignore chore: update kubernetes dependencies to v1.19.3 Dec 17, 2020 .prettierignore Template instance sync implementation Mar 6, 2020 CONTRIBUTING.md add examples and README (without gif) Feb 6, 2020 Dockerfile bump apimachinery and versions in dockerfile Feb 16, 2022 LICENSE Initial commit Feb 4, 2020 README.md Merge pull request #109 from FabianKramm/master Mar 21, 2021 devspace.yaml refactor: performance improvements & watch fix Nov 23, 2021 go.mod bump apimachinery and versions in dockerfile Feb 16, 2022 go.sum bump apimachinery and versions in dockerfile Feb 16, 2022 View code Getting Started • Architecture • Contributing Multi-Tenancy Extension For Kubernetes Contents Why kiosk? The Missing Multi-Tenancy Extension for Kubernetes Architecture Workflow & Interactions Custom Resources & Resource Groups Getting Started 0. Requirements 0.1. CLI Tools 0.2. Kubernetes Cluster 0.3. Admin Context 1. Install kiosk 2. Configure Accounts 2.1. Create Account 2.2. View Accounts 3. Working with Spaces 3.1. Allow Users To Create Spaces 3.2. Create Spaces 3.3. View Spaces 3.4. Use Spaces 3.5. Create Deletable Spaces 3.6. Delete Spaces 3.7. Defaults for Spaces 4. Setting Account Limits 4.1. Limit Number of Spaces 4.2. AccountQuotas 5. Working with Templates 5.1. Manifest Templates 5.2. Helm Chart Templates 5.3. Using Templates 5.4. Mandatory vs. Optional Templates 5.5. TemplateInstances 5.6. Template Sync Upgrade kiosk Uninstall kiosk Extra: User Management & Authentication Using ServiceAccounts For Authentication 1. Create a ServiceAccount 2. Create Kube-Config For ServiceAccount 3. Use ServiceAccount Kube-Config 4. Reset Kube-Config Contributing About kiosk README.md Getting Started • Architecture • ContributingMulti-Tenancy Extension For KubernetesAccounts & Account Users to separate tenants in a shared Kubernetes clusterSelf-Service Namespace Provisioning for account usersAccount Limits to ensure quality of service and fairness when sharing a clusterNamespace Templates for secure tenant isolation and self-service namespace initializationMulti-Cluster Tenant Management for sharing a pool of clusters (coming soon)ContentsWhy kiosk?ArchitectureWorkflow & InteractionsCustom Resources & Resource GroupsGetting Started0. Requirements1. Install kiosk2. Configure Accounts3. Working with Spaces4. Setting Account limits5. Working with TemplatesUpgrade kioskUninstall kioskExtra: User Management & AuthenticationContributingWhy kiosk?Kubernetes is designed as a single-tenant platform, which makes it hard for cluster admins to host multiple tenants in a single Kubernetes cluster. However, sharing a cluster has many advantages, e.g. more efficient resource utilization, less admin/configuration effort or easier sharing of cluster-internal resources among different tenants.While there are hundreds of ways of setting up multi-tenant Kubernetes clusters and many Kubernetes distributions provide their own tenancy logic, there is no lightweight, pluggable and customizable solution that allows admins to easily add multi-tenancy capabilities to any standard Kubernetes cluster.The Missing Multi-Tenancy Extension for Kubernetes kiosk is designed to be:100% Open-Source: CNCF compatible Apache 2.0 licensePluggable: easy to install into any existing cluster and suitable for different use casesFast: emphasizing automation and self-service for tenantsSecure: offering default configurations for different levels of tenant isolationExtensible: providing building blocks for higher-level Kubernetes platformsArchitectureThe core idea of kiosk is to use Kubernetes namespaces as isolated workspaces where tenant applications can run isolated from each other. To minimize admin overhead, cluster admins are supposed to configure kiosk which then becomes a self-service system for provisioning Kubernetes namespaces for tenants.Workflow & InteractionsThe following diagram shows the main actors (Cluster Admins and Account Users) as well as the most relevant Kubernetes resources and their relationships.Click on the following links to view the description for each of the actors and kiosk components:Cluster AdminCluster Admins have the permission to perform CRUD operations for cluster-wide / non-namespaced resources (especially RBAC related resources as well as the custom resources Account, AccountQuota, AccountQuotaSet, and Template). Cluster Admins configure kiosk by creating and managing Accounts, AccountQuotas, AccountQuotaSets, and Templates. They can also see and configure all Spaces owned by all Accounts.AccountEvery tenant is represented by an Account. Cluster Admins define and manage Accounts and assign Account Users (Users, Groups, ServiceAccounts) to Accounts - similar to assigning RBAC Roles to subjects as part of a RoleBinding configuration.Account UserAccount Users perform actions within the Kubernetes cluster via API server requests while using a certain Account. Cluster Admins can assign the same Account User to multiple Accounts. Account Users have access to Spaces that belong to the Accounts they are using. If assigned the default kiosk ClusterRole, every Account User has the permission to list/get/create/delete Spaces for the respective Account, however, this can be changed via RBAC RoleBindings.SpaceA Space is a non-persistent, virtual resource that represents exactly one Kubernetes namespace. Spaces have the following characteristics:Every space can belong up to one Account which is the owner of this Space. Ownerless Spaces are possible.If a user has rights to access the underlying Namespace, the user can access the Space in the same way. Hence besides Account Users, other actors (User, Group, ServiceAccount) can also access the Space if someone grants this access via additional Kubernetes RBAC.Every User only sees the Spaces the User has access to. This is in contrast to regular namespaces, where Users can only list all namespaces or noneSpace ownership can be changed, by changing the ownership annotation on the namespaceDuring Space creation (or Space ownership changes) a RoleBinding for the owning Account is created in the corresponding Space namespace. The referenced RBAC ClusterRole can be configured in the accountA Space can be prepopulated during creation with a predefined set of resources by configuring default Templates in the Account. Kiosk will make sure that these resources will be correctly deployed before the user gets access to the namespace.NamespaceA Namespace is a regular Kubernetes Namespace that can be accessed by anyone who has the appropriate RBAC rules to do so. Namespaces are provisioned and managed by kiosk and have a 1-to-1 relationship to the resource Space which is a custom resource of kiosk. By default, Account Users have the permission to operate within all Namespaces that are represented by Spaces which belong to one of their Accounts.TemplateTemplates are defined and managed by Cluster Admins. Templates are used to initialize Spaces/Namespaces with a set of Kubernetes resources (defined as manifests or as part of a Helm chart). Templates can be created using a different ClusterRole than the Account User uses, so they can be used to create resources that are not allowed to be created by actors of the Space/Namespace, e.g. to set up certain isolation resources (e.g. Network Policies, Pod Security Policies etc.). Cluster Admins can define default Templates within the Account configuration which automatically applies these templates to each Space that is created using the respective Account. Additionally, Account Users can state other non-mandatory Templates that should also be applied when creating a Space.TemplateInstanceWhen a Template is applied to a Space, kiosk creates a TemplateInstance to keep track of which Templates have been applied to the Space. A TemplateInstance contains information about the Template as well as about the parameters used to instantiate it. Additionally, TemplateInstances can be configured to sync with Templates, i.e. the TemplateInstance will update the resources whenever the Template changes that has been used to create these resources.AccountQuotaAccountQuotas are defined and managed by Cluster Admins. AccountQuotas define cluster-wide aggregated limits for Accounts. The resources of all Spaces/Namespaces that belong to an Account count towards the aggregated limits defined in the AccountQuota. Similar to Namespaces which can be limited by multiple ResourceQuotas, an Account can be limited by multiple AccountQuotas. If the same limit (e.g. total CPU per Account) is defined by multiple AccountQuotas, the Account will be limited according to the lowest value.Custom Resources & Resource GroupsWhen installing kiosk in a Kubernetes cluster, these components will be added to the cluster:CRDs for Account, AccountQuota, AccountQuotaSet, Template, TemplateInstanceController for kiosk Custom Resources (runs inside the cluster)API Server Extension (runs inside the cluster similar to the Controller)kiosk adds two groups of resources to extend the Standard API Groups of Kubernetes:Custom Resources: config.kiosk.shCustom Resource Definitions (CRDs) for configuring kiosk. These resources are persisted in etcd just like any other Kubernetes resources and are managed by an operator which runs inside the cluster. Show List of Custom Resources config.kiosk.sh/Accountconfig.kiosk.sh/AccountQuotaconfig.kiosk.sh/AccountQuotaSet (soon)config.kiosk.sh/Templateconfig.kiosk.sh/TemplateInstance API Extension: tenancy.kiosk.shVirtual resources which are accessible via an API Server Extension and will not be persisted in etcd. These resources are similar to views in a relational database. The benefit of providing these resources instead of only using CRDs is that we can calculate access permissions dynamically for every request. That means that it does not only allow to list, edit and manage Spaces (which map 1-to-1 to Namespaces), it also allows to show a different set of Spaces for different Account Users depending on the Accounts they are associated with or in other words: this circumvents the current limitation of Kubernetes to show filtered lists of cluster-scoped resources based on access rights. Show List of API Extension Resources tenancy.kiosk.sh/Accounttenancy.kiosk.sh/AccountQuotatenancy.kiosk.sh/Spacetenancy.kiosk.sh/TemplateInstance Getting Started0. Requirements0.1. CLI Toolskubectl: Follow this guide to install it.helm version 3: Follow this guide to install it.0.2. Kubernetes Clusterkiosk supports Kubernetes version: v1.14 and higher. Use kubectl version to determine the Server Version of your cluster. While this getting started guide should work with most Kubernetes clusters out-of-the-box, there are certain things to consider for the following types of clusters:Docker Desktop KubernetesAll ServiceAccounts have cluster-admin role by default, which means that emulating users with ServiceAccounts is not a good idea. Use impersonation instead.Digital Ocean Kubernetes (DOKS)All users in DOKS have cluster-admin role by default which means that when using impersonation, every user will have admin access. To see kiosk-based multi-tenancy in action, create ServiceAccounts to emulate different users.Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)Your kube-context will by default not have cluster-admin role. Run the following command to get your google email address and to make your user cluster admin:# GKE: make yourself adminGKE_USER=$(gcloud config get-value account)kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-admin-binding --clusterrole cluster-admin --user $GKE_USER0.3. Admin ContextYou need a kube-context with admin rights.If running all the following commands returns yes, you are most likely admin:kubectl auth can-i "*" "*" --all-namespaceskubectl auth can-i "*" namespacekubectl auth can-i "*" clusterrolekubectl auth can-i "*" crd1. Install kiosk# Install kiosk with helm v3kubectl create namespace kioskhelm install kiosk --repo https://charts.devspace.sh/ kiosk --namespace kiosk --atomicTo verify the installation make sure the kiosk pod is running:$ kubectl get pod -n kioskNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEkiosk-58887d6cf6-nm4qc 2/2 Running 0 1h2. Configure AccountsIn the following steps, we will use Kubernetes user impersonation to allow you to quickly switch between cluster admin and simple account user roles. If you are cluster admin and you want to run a kubectl command as a different user, you can impersonate this user by adding the kubectl flags --as=[USER] and/or --as-group=[GROUP].In this getting started guide, we assume two user roles:Cluster Admin: use your admin-context as current context (kubectl commands without --as flag)Account User john: use your admin-context to impersonate a user (kubectl commands with --as=john)If you are using Digital Ocean Kubernetes (DOKS), follow this guide to simulate a user using a Service Account.2.1. Create AccountTo allow a user to create and manage namespaces, they need a kiosk account. Run the following command to create such an account for our example user john:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/account.yaml# Alternative: ServiceAccount as Account User (see explanation for account-sa.yaml below)# kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/account-sa.yamlView: account.yamlapiVersion: tenancy.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Accountmetadata: name: johns-accountspec: subjects: - kind: User name: john apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.ioAs you can see in this example, every account defines subjects which are able to use this account. In this example, there is only one subject which is a User with name john. However, Accounts can also have multiple subjects.Subjects for kiosk Accounts are defined in the exact same way as subjects in RoleBindings. Subjects can be a combination of:UsersGroupsServiceAccounts (see example below: account-sa.yaml)View: account-sa.yaml (alternative for ServiceAccounts, e.g. Digital Ocean Kubernetes)If you want to assign an Account to a ServiceAccount (e.g. when using Digital Ocean Kubernetes / DOKS), please use the following alternative:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/account-sa.yamlapiVersion: tenancy.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Accountmetadata: name: johns-accountspec: subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: john namespace: kioskLearn more about User Management and Accounts in kiosk.2.2. View AccountsAll Account Users are able to view their Account through their generated ClusterRole. Let's try this by impersonating john:# View your own accounts as regular account userkubectl get accounts --as=john# View the details of one of your accounts as regular account userkubectl get account johns-account -o yaml --as=john3. Working with SpacesSpaces are the virtual representation of namespaces. Each Space represents exactly one namespace. The reason why we use Spaces is that by introducing this virtual resource, we can allow users to only operate on a subset of namespaces they have access to and hide other namespaces they shouldn't see.3.1. Allow Users To Create SpacesBy default, Account Users cannot create Spaces themselves. They can only use the Spaces/Namespaces that belong to their Accounts. That means a cluster admin would need to create the Spaces for an Account and then the Account Users could work with these Spaces/Namespaces.To allow all Account Users to create Spaces for their own Accounts, create the following RBAC ClusterRoleBinding:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/rbac-creator.yamlView: rbac-creator.yamlapiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1kind: ClusterRoleBindingmetadata: name: kiosk-creatorsubjects:- kind: Group name: system:authenticated apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.ioroleRef: kind: ClusterRole name: kiosk-edit apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.ioOf course, you can also adjust this ClusterRoleBinding in a way that only certain subjects/users can create Spaces for their Accounts. Just modify the subjects section.3.2. Create SpacesAfter granting Account Users the right to create Spaces for their Accounts (see ClusterRoleBinding in 3.1.), all Account Users are able to create Spaces. Let's try this by impersonating john:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/space.yaml --as=johnView: space.yamlapiVersion: tenancy.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Spacemetadata: name: johns-spacespec: # spec.account can be omitted if the current user only belongs to a single account account: johns-accountAs you can see in this example, every Space belongs to exactly one Account which is referenced by spec.account.3.3. View SpacesLet's take a look at the Spaces of the Accounts that User john owns by impersonating this user:# List all Spaces as john:kubectl get spaces --as=john# Get the defails of one of john's Spaces:kubectl get space johns-space -o yaml --as=john3.4. Use SpacesEvery Space is the virtual representation of a regular Kubernetes Namespace. That means we can use the associated Namespace of our Spaces just like any other Namespace.Let's impersonate john again and create an nginx deployment inside johns-space:kubectl apply -n johns-space --as=john -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/website/master/content/en/examples/application/deployment.yamlThat's great, right? A user that did not have any access to the Kubernetes cluster, is now able to create Namespaces on-demand and gets restricted access to these Namespaces automatically.3.5. Create Deletable SpacesTo allow Account Users to delete all Spaces/Namespace that they create, you need to set the spec.space.clusterRole field in the Account to kiosk-space-admin.When creating a Space, kiosk creates the according Namespace for the Space and then creates a RoleBinding within this Namespace which binds the standard Kubernetes ClusterRole admin to every Account User (i.e. all subjects listed in the Account). While this ClusterRole allows full access to this Namespace, it does not allow to delete the Space/Namespace. (The verb delete is missing in the default admin clusterrole)As john can be User of multiple Accounts, let's create a second Account which allows john to delete Spaces/Namespaces that belong to this Account:# Run this as cluster admin:# Create Account johns-account-deletable-spaceskubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/account-deletable-spaces.yamlView: account-deletable-spaces.yamlapiVersion: tenancy.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Accountmetadata: name: johns-account-deletable-spacesspec: space: clusterRole: kiosk-space-admin subjects: - kind: User name: john apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.ioIf you are using ServiceAccounts instead of impersonation, adjust the subjects section of this Account similar to account-sa.yaml in 2.1.Now, let's create a Space for this Account:# Run this as john:# Create Space johns-space-deletablekubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/space-deletable.yaml --as=johnView: space-deletable.yamlapiVersion: tenancy.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Spacemetadata: name: johns-space-deletablespec: account: johns-account-deletable-spaces3.6. Delete SpacesIf a Space belongs to an Account that allows Account Users to delete such Spaces, an Account User can simply delete the Space using kubectl:kubectl get spaces --as=johnkubectl delete space johns-space-deletable --as=johnkubectl get spaces --as=johnDeleting a Space also deletes the underlying Namespace.3.7. Defaults for Spaceskiosk provides the spec.space.spaceTemplate option for Accounts which lets admins define defaults for new Spaces of an Account. The following example creates the Account account-default-space-metadata which defines default labels and annotations for all Spaces created with this Account:# Run this as cluster admin:# Create Account johns-account-default-space-metadatakubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/account-default-space-metadata.yamlView: account-default-space-metadata.yamlapiVersion: tenancy.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Accountmetadata: name: johns-account-default-space-metadataspec: space: clusterRole: kiosk-space-admin spaceTemplate: metadata: labels: some-label: "label-value" some--other-label: "other-label-value" annotations: "space-annotation-1": "annotation-value-1" "space-annotation-2": "annotation-value-2" subjects: - kind: User name: john apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io4. Setting Account LimitsWith kiosk, you have two options to limit Accounts:Limit Number of Spaces for an AccountSet Account Quotas = maximum values for resources aggregated across all Spaces of an Account (e.g. total number of Pods combined in all Spaces)4.1. Limit Number of SpacesBy setting the spec.space.limit in an Account, Cluster Admins can limit the number of Spaces that Account Users can create for a certain Account.Let's run the following command to update the existing Account johns-account and specify spec.space.limit: 2:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/account-space-limit.yamlView: account-space-limit.yamlapiVersion: tenancy.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Accountmetadata: name: johns-accountspec: space: limit: 2 subjects: - kind: User name: john apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.ioNow, let's try to create more than 2 Spaces (note that you may have already created a Space for this Account during earlier steps of this getting started guide):# List existing spaces:kubectl get spaces --as=john# Create space-2 => should work if you had only one Space for this Account so farkubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/space-2.yaml --as=john# Create space-3 => should result in an errorkubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/space-3.yaml --as=john4.2. AccountQuotasAccountQuotas allow you to define limits for an Account which are aggregated across all Spaces of this Account.Let's create an AccountQuota for johns-account which will set the aggregated number of Pods across all Spaces to 2 and the aggregated maximum of limits.cpu across all Pods in all Spaces to 4 CPU Cores (see Kubernetes resource limits):# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/accountquota.yamlView: accountquota.yamlapiVersion: config.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: AccountQuotametadata: name: default-user-limitsspec: account: johns-account quota: hard: pods: "2" limits.cpu: "4"AccountQuotas allow you to restrict the same resources as Kubernetes ResourceQuotas but unlike ResourceQuotas, AccountQuotas are not restricted to a single Namespace. Instead, AccountQuotas add up all used resources across all Spaces of an Account to generate an aggregated value which is then compared to the max value defined in the AccountQuota.If there are multiple AccountQuotas referencing the same Account via spec.account, kiosk merges the Quotas. In case multiple AccountQuotas define different limits for the same resource type, kiosk uses the lowest value.5. Working with TemplatesTemplates in kiosk are used to initialize Namespaces and share common resources across namespaces (e.g. secrets). When creating a Space, kiosk will use these Templates to populate the newly created Namespace for this Space. Templates:can either contain one or more Kubernetes manifests or alternatively a Helm chartare being tracked by TemplateInstances in each Namespace they are applied tocan contain parameters such as ${NAMESPACE} or ${MY_PARAMETER} that can be specified within an TemplateInstance5.1. Manifest TemplatesThe easiest option to define a Template is by specifying an array of Kubernetes manifests which should be applied when the Template is being instantiated.The following command will create a Template called space-restrictions which defined 2 manifests, a Network Policy which will make sure that the users of this Space/Namespace cannot create privileged containers and a LimitRange for default CPU limits of containers in this Namespace:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/template-manifests.yamlView: template-manifests.yamlapiVersion: config.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Templatemetadata: name: space-restrictions# This section defines parameters that can be used for this template# Can be used in resources.manifests and resources.helm.valuesparameters:# Name of the parameter- name: DEFAULT_CPU_LIMIT # The default value of the parameter value: "1"- name: DEFAULT_CPU_REQUESTS value: "0.5" # If a parameter is required the template instance will need to set it # required: true # Make sure only values are entered for this parameter validation: "^[0-9]*\\.?[0-9]+$"resources: manifests: - kind: NetworkPolicy apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: deny-cross-ns-traffic spec: podSelector: matchLabels: ingress: - from: - podSelector: {} - apiVersion: v1 kind: LimitRange metadata: name: space-limit-range spec: limits: - default: # Use the DEFAULT_CPU_LIMIT parameter here and # parse it as json, which renders the "1" as 1. cpu: "${{DEFAULT_CPU_LIMIT}}" defaultRequest: cpu: "${{DEFAULT_CPU_REQUESTS}}" type: Container5.2. Helm Chart TemplatesInstead of manifests, a Template can specify a Helm chart that will be installed (using helm template) when the Template is being instantiated. Let's create a Template called redis which installs the stable/redis Helm chart:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/template-helm.yamlView: template-helm.yamlapiVersion: config.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Templatemetadata: name: redisresources: helm: releaseName: redis chart: repository: name: redis repoUrl: https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com values: | redisPort: 6379 # Use a predefined parameter here myOtherValue: ${NAMESPACE}5.3. Using TemplatesBy default, only admins can list Templates. To allow users to view templates, you need to set up RBAC accordingly. Run the following code to allow every cluster user to list and view all Templates:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/rbac-template-viewer.yamlView: rbac-template-viewer.yamlapiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1kind: ClusterRolemetadata: name: kiosk-template-viewrules:- apiGroups: - config.kiosk.sh resources: - templates verbs: - get - list - watch - create - delete - deletecollection - patch - update---apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1kind: ClusterRoleBindingmetadata: name: kiosk-template-viewersubjects:- kind: Group name: system:authenticated apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.ioroleRef: kind: ClusterRole name: kiosk-template-view apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.ioTo view a list of available Templates, run the following command:kubectl get templates --as=johnTo instantiate a Template, users need to have permission to create TemplateInstances within their Namespaces. You can grant this permission by running this command:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/rbac-template-instance-admin.yamlNote: Creating a TemplateInstance in a Space is only possible if a RoleBinding exists that binds the Role kiosk-template-admin to the user. Because kiosk-template-admin has the label rbac.kiosk.sh/aggregate-to-space-admin: "true" (see rbac-instance-admin.yaml below), it is also possible to create a RoleBinding for the Role kiosk-space-admin (which automatically includes kiosk-template-admin).View: rbac-instance-admin.yamlapiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1kind: ClusterRolemetadata: name: kiosk-template-admin labels: rbac.kiosk.sh/aggregate-to-space-admin: "true"rules:- apiGroups: - config.kiosk.sh resources: - templateinstances verbs: - get - list - watch - create - delete - deletecollection - patch - updateAfter creating the ClusterRole kiosk-template-admin as shown above, users can instantiate templates inside their Namespaces by creating so-called TemplateInstances. The following example creates an instance of the Helm Chart Template redis which has been created above:kubectl apply --as=john -n space-2 -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/template-instance.yamlNote: In the above example, we are using space-2 which belongs to Account johns-account-deletable-spaces. This Account defines space.clusterRole: kiosk-space-admin which automatically creates a RoleBinding for the Role kiosk-space-admin when creating a new Space for this Account.View: template-instance.yamlapiVersion: config.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: TemplateInstancemetadata: name: redis-instancespec: template: redis # You can also specify a parameter value here # parameters: # - name: DEFAULT_CPU_REQUESTS # value: "1"5.4. Mandatory vs. Optional TemplatesTemplates can either be mandatory or optional. By default, all Templates are optional. Cluster Admins can make Templates mandatory by adding them to the spec.space.templateInstances array within the Account configuration. All Templates listed in spec.space.templateInstances will always be instantiated within every Space/Namespace that is created for the respective Account.Let's see this in action by updating the Account johns-account and referencing our space-restrictions Template from 5.1. in spec.space.templateInstances:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/account-default-template.yamlView: account-default-template.yamlapiVersion: tenancy.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Accountmetadata: name: johns-account-deletable-spacesspec: space: clusterRole: kiosk-space-admin templateInstances: - spec: template: space-restrictions # Specifying parameter values here is also possible parameters: - name: DEFAULT_CPU_REQUESTS value: "2" subjects: - kind: User name: john apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.ioIf you are using ServiceAccounts instead of impersonation, adjust the subjects section of this Account similar to account-sa.yaml in 2.1.Now, let's create a Space without specifying any templates and see how this Template will automatically be instantiated:kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/space-template-mandatory.yaml --as=johnView: space-template-mandatory.yamlapiVersion: tenancy.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: Spacemetadata: name: johns-space-template-mandatoryspec: account: johns-account # can be omitted if the user only has 1 accountNow, we can run the following command to see that the two resources (PodSecurityPolicy and LimitRange) defined in our Template space-restrictions have been created inside the Space/Namespace:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl get podsecuritypolicy,limitrange -n johns-space-template-mandatoryMandatory Templates are generally used to enforce security restrictions and isolate namespaces from each other while Optional Templates often provide a set of default applications that a user might want to choose from when creating a Space/Namespace (see example in 5.2).5.5. TemplateInstancesTo keep track of resources created from Templates, kiosk creates a so-called TemplateInstance for each Template that is being instantiated inside a Space/Namespace.To view the TemplateInstances of the namespace johns-space-template-mandatory, run the following command:# Run this as cluster admin:kubectl get templateinstances -n johns-space-template-mandatoryTemplateInstances allow admins and user to see which Templates are being used within a Space/Namespace and they make it possible to upgrade the resources created by a Template if there is a newer version of the Template (coming soon).5.6. Template SyncGenerally, a TemplateInstance is created from a Template and then, the TemplateInstances will not be updated when the Template changes later on. To change this behavior, it is possible to set spec.sync: true in a TemplateInstance. Setting this option, tells kiosk to keep this TemplateInstance in sync with the underlying template using a 3-way merge (similar to helm upgrade).The following example creates an instance of the Helm Chart Template redis which has been created above and defines that this TemplateInstance should be kept in sync with the underlying Template:kubectl apply --as=john -n space-2 -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kiosk-sh/kiosk/master/examples/template-instance-sync.yamlView: template-instance-sync.yamlapiVersion: config.kiosk.sh/v1alpha1kind: TemplateInstancemetadata: name: redis-instance-syncspec: template: redis sync: true # You can specify parameters here as well # parameters: # - name: DEFAULT_CPU_REQUESTS # value: "1"Upgrade kioskhelm upgrade kiosk --repo https://charts.devspace.sh/ kiosk -n kiosk --atomic --reuse-valuesCheck the release notes for details on how to upgrade to a specific release.Do not skip releases with release notes containing upgrade instructions!Uninstall kioskhelm delete kiosk -n kioskExtra: User Management & Authenticationkiosk does not provide a built-in user management system.To manage users in your cluster, you can either use vendor-neutral solutions such as dex or DevSpace Cloud or alternatively, if you are in a public cloud, you may be able to use provider-specific solutions such as AWS IAM for EKS or GCP IAM for GKE.Using ServiceAccounts For AuthenticationIf you like to use ServiceAccounts for a small and easy to set up authentication and user management, you can use the following instructions to create new users / kube-configs.Use bash to run the following commands.1. Create a ServiceAccountUSER_NAME="john"kubectl -n kiosk create serviceaccount $USER_NAME2. Create Kube-Config For ServiceAccount# If not already set, then:USER_NAME="john"KUBECONFIG_PATH="$HOME/.kube/config-kiosk"kubectl config view --minify --raw >$KUBECONFIG_PATHexport KUBECONFIG=$KUBECONFIG_PATHCURRENT_CONTEXT=$(kubectl config current-context)kubectl config rename-context $CURRENT_CONTEXT kiosk-adminCLUSTER_NAME=$(kubectl config view -o jsonpath="{.clusters[].name}")ADMIN_USER=$(kubectl config view -o jsonpath="{.users[].name}")SA_NAME=$(kubectl -n kiosk get serviceaccount $USER_NAME -o jsonpath="{.secrets[0].name}")SA_TOKEN=$(kubectl -n kiosk get secret $SA_NAME -o jsonpath="{.data.token}" | base64 -d)kubectl config set-credentials $USER_NAME --token=$SA_TOKENkubectl config set-context kiosk-user --cluster=$CLUSTER_NAME --user=$USER_NAMEkubectl config use-context kiosk-user# Optional: delete admin context and userkubectl config unset contexts.kiosk-adminkubectl config unset users.$ADMIN_USERexport KUBECONFIG=""3. Use ServiceAccount Kube-Config# If not already set, then:KUBECONFIG_PATH="$HOME/.kube/config-kiosk"export KUBECONFIG=$KUBECONFIG_PATHkubectl ...4. Reset Kube-Configexport KUBECONFIG=""kubectl ...ContributingThere are many ways to get involved:Open an issue for questions, to report bugs or to suggest new featuresOpen a pull request to contribute improvements to the code base or documentationEmail one of the maintainers (Fabian, Lukas) to find out more about the project and how to get involvedFor more detailed information, see our Contributing Guide.This is a very new project, so we are actively looking for contributors and maintainers. Reach out if you are interested.About kioskkiosk is an open-source project licensed under Apache-2.0 license. The project will be contributed to CNCF once it reaches the required level of popularity and maturity. The first version of kiosk was developed by DevSpace Technologies as core component for their DevSpace Cloud on-premise edition. About kiosk ? Multi-Tenancy Extension For Kubernetes - Secure Cluster Sharing & Self-Service Namespace Provisioning kubernetes.slack.com/?redir=%2fmessages%2fkiosk#/ Topics kubernetes devops kiosk multi-tenancy Resources Readme License Apache-2.0 license Stars 789 stars Watchers 19 watching Forks 55 forks Releases 48 v0.2.11 Latest Nov 23, 2021 + 47 releases Used by 1 @loft-sh / vcluster Contributors 8 Languages Go 98.8% Other 1.2% © 2022 GitHub, Inc. Terms Privacy Security Status Docs Contact GitHub Pricing API Training Blog About You can’t perform that action at this time. You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session.